A  Antropologia está levando o animismo a sério demais?

Rane Willerslev

doi:10.52426/rau.v5i1.130

Autores

Rane Willerslev

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52426/rau.v5i1.130

Resumo

De que modo podemos levar o animismo indígena a sério, no sentido proposto por Viveiros de Castro? Neste artigo, apresento este desafio para todas as grandes teorias do animismo, de Taylor e Durkheim, passando por Lévi-Strauss e chegando a Ingold. Em seguida, proponho uma comparação entre a descrição do ambiente social cínico do capitalismo avançado, proposta por Žižek, em que a ideologia como “falsa consciência” perdeu sua força, e os Yukaghirs na Sibéria, para quem ridicularizar os espíritos é parte integral do jogo da caça. Todos sabem que, em suas atividades, estão seguindo uma ilusão, mas ainda assim continuam a segui-la; todos têm uma irônica autoconsciência que os leva a não tomar o etos dominante por seu valor de face. Isso me leva a sugerir uma alternativa: talvez tenha chegado a hora da antropologia deixar de levar o animismo muito a sério.

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